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Malayan tapir
The Malayan tapir (''Tapirus indicus''), also called the Asian tapir, is the largest of the five species of tapir and the only one native to Asia. The scientific name refers to the East Indies, the species' natural habitat. In the Malay language, the tapir is commonly referred to as ''cipan'', ''tenuk'' or ''badak tampung''.〔bin Momin Khan, Mohd Khan. ("Status and Action Plan of the Malayan Tapir ''(Tapirus indicus)''" ) ''Tapirs: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan'' published by IUCN Tapir Specialist Group, 1997, page 1〕
==General appearance and characteristics==
The animal is easily identified by its markings, most notably the light-colored patch that extends from its shoulders to its rear end. The rest of its hair is black, except for the tips of its ears, which, as with other tapirs, are rimmed with white. This pattern is for camouflage; the disrupted coloration makes it more difficult to recognize it as a tapir, and other animals may mistake it for a large rock rather than prey when it is lying down to sleep.〔(Woodland Park Zoo Animal Fact Sheet: Malayan Tapir ''(Tapirus indicus)'' )〕
Malayan tapirs grow to between in length, not counting a stubby tail of only in length, and stand tall. They typically weigh between , although some adults can weigh up to .〔Wilson & Burnie, ''Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife''. DK ADULT (2001), ISBN 978-0-7894-7764-4〕〔(Tapirus indicus ), Animal Diversity Web〕〔(Asian Tapir ), Arkive〕〔()〕 The females are usually larger than the males. Like the other types of tapir, they have small, stubby tails and long, flexible proboscises. They have four toes on each front foot and three toes on each back foot. The Malayan tapir has rather poor eyesight, but excellent hearing and sense of smell.
They have a large sagittal crest, a bone running along the middle of the skull that is necessary for muscle attachment. They also have unusually positioned orbits, an unusually shaped cranium with the frontal bones elevated, and a retracted nasal incision. All of these modifications to the normal mammal skull are, of course, to make room for the proboscis. This proboscis caused a retraction of bones and cartilage in the face during the evolution of the tapir, and even caused the loss of some cartilages, facial muscles, and the bony wall of the nasal chamber.
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